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  Common Physical Therapy Terms:  
 

Modalities

Ultrasound: This utilizes high frequency sound waves and bounces them off tissues inside the body.  The more dense tissues are selectively heated.  The deep heating effect causes increased tissue elasticity and also facilitates circulation to the involved tissue.  There is also a non-thermal therapeutic effect to stimulate cell activity.

Electrical Stimulation: A variety of types are utilized including high voltage galvanic, inteferential, Russian, and transcutaneous nerve stimulation.  These each have unique qualities to help to decrease pain, decrease inflammation, or increase circulation.

Iontophoresis: This utilizes a patch with a cortisone solution that becomes electrically charged to drive negative ions from the solution into the tissues.  This creates a localized anti-inflammatory effect.

Infra-red Cold Lazer: This utilizes a lazar beam to locally stimulate tissue to increase circulation and decrease inflammation.

Ultra-violet Light: This utilizes led lights to stimulate circulation and healing in general.  There are a variety of brands, but, a brand named Anodyne has become best known in recent years for its beneficial effects in treating diabetic neuropathy and facilitating the healing of wounds.

Manual Therapy

This involves system of hands on evaluation and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries or disorders based on joints, muscles, and movement coordination.  Therapists performing these techniques have received advanced level training. 

Joint Mobilization: These involve utilizing controlled movements varying from minor

Myofascial Stretching: These soft tissue mobilization techniques utilize massage types of strokes to promote relaxation and to focus stretching on individual muscles or groups of muscles.  They are often combined with other techniques or changes in position to improve their effectiveness in restoring.

Manual Traction: This uses hands on techniques to apply the traction to the neck, back, or extremity joints.  An advantage of this is that the traction force can be incorporated simultaneously or intermittently with other techniques to improve effectiveness.

Education

Posture: Teaching proper techniques of posture is an important part of improving function.  Posture retraining is often required as an ongoing part of recovery from injuries or illness. 

Body Mechanics: Individualized instruction that focuses is on improving the quality of techniques in lifting and doing activities of daily living (ADL’s) at home and work.  This includes improving the efficiency of sleeping positions used.

Mechanical Traction

This involves the utilization of mechanical apparatus to provide stretching to unload joints; the stretch can be either constant or intermittent.  Most commonly these are applied to the neck or low back.

Aquatic Therapy

Performing exercises while in the water can provide important benefits to many patients in helping them increase range of motion, decrease pain, increase strength, and improve functional abilities.  Special advantages are the unloading effects created by the water buoyancy as well as the resistance that occurs with movement through the water.

Sports Medicine

Treatment of athletes at all skill levels, focusing on prevention, education, and returning the patient to their sport.

Post-Operative Rehabilitation

Treatment with an emphasis on regaining strength and function after a surgical procedures such as total/partial joint replacements, reconstruction, injury repair, or the de-conditioning that occurs as a result of prolonged recoveries following non-orthopedic surgeries.

Post CVA Rehab

Strength, balance, and safety training for ambulatory patients following a stroke.

Wellness/Fitness Testing

Quick and convenient assessment of body fat percentage, flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular conditioning.